Return to Homepage

Luther: The Priesthood of All Believers
Luther: on the call to public ministry of word & sacrament

Most Import Event of 
the last  1,000 years? 
Poll results on 1000 to 2000
Luther and the Call to Ministry
At the beginning of the 3rd millennium the Protestant Reformation sparked by Martin Luther in 1517 was named "the most significant religious story" of the past 1000 years according to a survey of the Religion Newswriters Association.   The RNA members report religion full time for the secular media.  

In separate secular polls, Martin Luther came in third in "The Top 100 Most Influential People of the Past 1000 Years" as compiled by Life Magazine.   (Thomas Edison, inventor, and Christopher Columbus, explorer, were first and second.)

In a similar poll compiled by the Arts and Entertainment cable network, Luther was third only to Johannes Gutenberg, printing press inventor, and Isaac Newton, mathematician and physicist.

 It is appropriate for Lutherans to recognize and appreciate the insights and leadership that Luther brought to the Church.  The priesthood of all believers was one Biblical insight that Luther recovered for the Church.  

Another of Luther's insights is the nature of the church as a creation of God and brought into being by the declaration of the Word and the celebration of the Sacraments of Baptism and Holy Communion.  This is set forth in the Augsburg Confession which is a basic doctrinal statement that defines who Lutherans really are.

In the next column we have a quotation from Luther's works explaining the priesthood of believers and how these believers select one of their number to carry out the office of the ministry, that is preach and teach the Word of God and administer the Sacraments.

Below we is a quote from the Augsburg Confession:  

               VII. THE CHURCH
It is also taught among us [Lutherans] that one holy Christian church will be and remain forever.  This is the assembly of all believers among whom the Gospel is preached in its purity and the holy sacraments are administered according to the Gospel.

      To access the full text of the Augsburg Confession on the Internet click on the link below.  (Use your browser "back" button to return to this page.)

http://www.ctsfw.edu/etext/boc/ac 

Luther wrote: It is pure invention that pope, bishops, priests and monks are to be called the "spiritual estate"; princes, lords, artisans and farmers the "temporal estate." That is indeed a fine bit of lying and hypocrisy.   

Yet no one should be frightened by it; and for this reason, which is, that all Christians are truly of the "spiritual estate," and there is among them no difference at all except that of office, as Paul says in I Corinthians xii, We are all one body, yet every member has its own work, whereby it serves every other, all because we have one baptism, one Gospel, one faith, and are all alike Christians; for baptism, Gospel and faith alone make us "spiritual" and a Christian people.

But that a pope or a bishop anoints, confers tonsures, ordains, consecrates, or prescribes dress unlike that of the laity, this may make hypocrites and graven images [German "Oelgoetze"], but never makes a Christian or a "spiritual" man.

Through baptism all of us are consecrated to the priesthood, as St Peter says in I Peter ii, "Ye are a royal priesthood, a priestly kingdom," and the book of Revelation says, "Thou hast made us by thy blood to be priests and kings."

For if we had no higher consecration than pope or bishop gives, the consecration by pope or bishop would never make a priest, nor might anyone either say mass or preach a sermon or give absolution.  Therefore when the bishop consecrates it is the same thing as if he, in the place and stead of the whole congregation, all of whom have like power, were to take one out of their number and charge him to use this power for the others .....

 To make it still clearer. If a little group of pious Christian laymen were taken captive and set down in a wilderness, and had among them no priest consecrated by a bishop, and if there in the wilderness they were to agree in choosing one of themselves, married or unmarried, and were to charge him with the office of baptizing, saying mass, absolving and preaching, such a man would be as truly a priest as though all bishops and popes had consecrated him.

Works of Martin Luther - Philadelphia Edition - Philadelphia: Muhlenberg Press, 1943 Vol II, p 66-67.